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Interoperability (x86)

Please read the general section first, this contains x86 specific stuff.

Fallback Strategy: Free Space from Function Alignment

  • x86 programs align instructions on 16 byte boundaries.
  • Bytes 0x90 (GCC) or 0xCC (MSVC) are commonly used for padding.

Fallback Strategy: Return Address Patching

We use x86 in the example for general section above.